Which type of energy does photovoltaic action utilize to produce electricity?

Photovoltaic action generates electricity by utilizing light energy, specifically from the sun. In this process, photons from sunlight are absorbed by semiconductor materials, typically silicon, within a solar cell. When these photons are absorbed, they provide enough energy to electrons within the material to break free from their atomic bonds, resulting in the generation of electric current. This conversion of light energy into electrical energy is the fundamental principle behind how solar panels operate to produce electricity without moving parts, emissions, or a need for fuel.

Understanding this process is crucial for anyone involved in the installation and maintenance of solar energy systems, as it highlights the importance of sunlight in renewable energy generation.